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Nuclear energy: Good or bad?
A primer to atomic power's hottest topics.
Tue, Mar 24 2009 at 11:46 AM
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Like a neutron colliding with an atom, two factors are igniting Americans, and particularly environmentalists, into reconciling a messy question: Do we or don’t we want to develop nuclear power? Eight years of the Bush administration’s heavily pro-nuclear policies with billions in government subsidies have roused the ailing nuclear industry. Simultaneously, our search for clean, greenhouse gas-free energy sources has turned urgent in the face of climate change. The mix of influences is propelling nuclear energy into the limelight for serious reconsideration.
But many of the old concerns remain. Since the accident at Pennsylvania’s Three Mile Island power plant in 1979, no applications for new nuclear power plant building permits were submitted for almost 30 years. While no one was killed or even hurt following the reactor’s partial meltdown, the public glimpsed the potential for disaster.
Nonetheless, the industry has persevered, claiming improved oversight and potential to improve air quality, although it has found no long-term solution for disposing of its radioactive waste. Today, 104 nuclear reactors in 31 states supply 20 percent of our electricity, making it our second largest energy source after coal.
Things began to heat up for the industry two weeks after President Bush took office in January 2001. He formed the National Energy Policy Development Group (NEPD), headed by Vice President Dick Cheney, which produced a National Energy Policy report by May of that year, recommending “the president support the expansion of nuclear energy in the United States as a major component of our national energy policy.”
Following a long legal battle to force the release of NEPD documents to the public, environmental lawyers at Natural Resource Defense Council uncovered that industry lobbyists were integral in forming the president’s energy policy and his decision to launch a so-called nuclear revival. Over eight years the nuclear industry has received billions in government funds, while construction and operating license applications for 30 new reactors are in the works. Such support would likely increase if Arizona Sen. John McCain takes higher office next year. He recently said, “… the French are able to generate 80 percent of their electricity with nuclear power. There’s no reason why America shouldn’t.”
Meanwhile, research has mounted documenting current and potential impacts of climate change. The IPCC found the world must drastically and quickly reduce the amount of greenhouse gases expelled into the atmosphere to avoid the worst impacts of a warmer planet, which include rising oceans, more severe weather, destruction of ecosystems, and the spread of animal- and insect-borne diseases.
But there are no easy, off-the-shelf technologies currently available to enable such reductions. Research is underway, alternatives are being built, and waste-cutting efficiencies implemented, although none can yet accomplish the necessary cuts while feeding the world’s voracious and growing use of electricity ... except for maybe nuclear power.
In the coming week, we’ll delve into some of the arguments for and against increasing nuclear energy, but here we’ve briefly summed up some of the hot topics:
Emissions: Compared to other major existing energy sources, such as coal and oil, nuclear power emits almost no greenhouse gasses, or nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide, the primary components of air pollution.
Energy independence: Increasing American nuclear energy enables the country to reduce the amount of oil it imports from other parts of the world and provides reliable base-load power. However, there are limited stores of uranium isotope U-235, which is required for nuclear fission and is largely found in Canada, Australia and Niger.
Cost: The expense of building two advanced technology nuclear reactors was originally estimated at around $7 billion. The price tag recently rose to $14 billion and construction hasn’t even begun. Champions of wind, solar and other forms of alternative energy argue high cost and government support for nuclear are gobbling up money that could help develop less-established industries.
Environmental health and safety: The risk of a catastrophic reactor accident, as well as significant waste disposal problems, hangs around nuclear power’s neck like a noose. Uranium mining can also endanger the health of miners and people living near mines, as well as the environment, as radioactive ore waste has been shown to contaminate surface and groundwater.
Security: Underlying a nuclear chain reaction in both an energy reactor and weapon is an isotope called uranium-235. Reactor-grade uranium requires a 3-5 percent concentration of U-235, while weapon grade needs 90 percent concentration. Therefore anyone possessing U-235 and the necessary equipment can make either nuclear energy or bombs.
Impact on natural resources: The Union of Concerned Scientists calculated that to keep cool, a typical 1,000 megawatt reactor requires about 476,500 gallons of water per minute be pumped through its system, a number that could nearly triple in some of the new, larger facilities. In some systems, the warmed water returned to its source — lake, river, ocean — contains low-level radioactivity. Also aquatic life circulated through the cooling system can be killed.
Story by Victoria Schlesinger. This article originally appeared in Plenty in May 2008. It was republished on MNN in March 2009.
Copyright Environ Press 2008
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our goverment not know that the Nuclear energy is a slow poision.they are only aming to earn money form it.great INDAI and INDIANS
I love nuclear energy its safe fast and easy.
I can maaaake the difarence i can maaake the difarance ACROSS THE LAAAND!! XD
awsom writing
nuclear power is very unhealthty for living things if it was to ever go wrong
I'm just really starting to understand nuclear power plants. I believe that if the plant can maintained then we should go ahead and make them. Coal and oil will eventually run out. We will have to turn to something to help us out.
hello guys
Welcome!
Hey I love helping the enviroment every day after school i go around the neighborhood and find trash and i pick it up. I also clean up griffiade.
This is so fun Thank you for every thing (P.S> I HAVE DIABETIES AND I'M SPEACHEL ED)
ah i realy feel bad for you. BUT GOOD JOD!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
good
trying to do work >:D
there will always be human error in everything but we can get more out of the nuclear power one nuclear power plant can produce power for 19 percent of the united states of america
whats it say?
This situation is good. Everyone says that nuclear is bad becuase of the radiation. That should not even be in the conversation because the rad iation that is created is less than that created by the coal plants. its also cheaper and that pisses me off when people say that the government is not helping the econemy and yet they don't want the cheaper way of creating electricity.
This situation is good. Everyone says that nuclear is bad becuase of the radiation. That should not even be in the conversation because the rad iation that is created is less than that created by the coal plants. its also cheaper and that pisses me off when people say that the government is not helping the econemy and yet they don't want the cheaper way of creating electricity.
I D G A F(:♥
This is so dum you all are right it willl kill and save you life so get over it does kill it does cost money lots of money.
I am doing a speech on nuclear technology and i have found may facts about nuclear technolgy that will make you wet your pants.
I am doing a speech on nuclear technology and i have found may facts about nuclear technolgy that will make you wet your pants.
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