Ancestor of Galapagos tortoises to be resurrected from extinction

A tortoise hunted to extinction before Darwin ever arrived on the Galapagos could be brought back to life thanks to new genetic research.

LAZARUS TORTOISE: It could take 100 years of selective breeding, but an ancestor of some modern tortoises could be brought back from extinction. (Photo: Cynthia Perry/Flickr)
While rummaging through genetic data from 156 Galapagos tortoises living in captivity, researchers have discovered that nine of them are descendents of Chelonoidis elephantopus, a species hunted to extinction by whalers in the 19th century, before Charles Darwin visited the islands. Now they hope to resurrect the extinct ancestors by selectively breeding their descendants, according to an article on PhysOrg.com, an online science news service.
 
The research was made possible thanks to the discovery of bones from Chelonoidis elephantopus found in several old museum collections. Samples of genetic material from the bones were then compared to data banks of DNA sequences from living tortoises, revealing that a lingering heritage still lives on in a few surviving individuals.
 
Researchers theorize that the nine identified living descendants of the vanished species are the grandchildren of lucky elephantopus survivors which may have been taken by whalers as future meals but then thrown overboard. Those last heroic survivors then must have come ashore to nearby islands and mated with the native species living there.
 
Although their genetic lineage has been diluted over time, researchers think the heritage is still strong enough to revive the extinct species after only four generations of selective breeding.
 
"Theoretically, we can rescue a species that has gone extinct," said Adalgisa Caccone, senior author of the study. "Our lab calls it the Lazarus project."
 
The only catch is that the project could take over 100 years to complete because tortoises have such long life spans. But the project could serve as a model for how to revive other extinct species that have surviving lineages too.
 
If the plan is initiated, a genetically identical member of C. elephantopus could once again walk along the shores of the Galapagos islands, over 300 years after its last ancestors were taken away.
 


Comments(21)

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Huh?

It would be nice to save something rather than just kill wouldn't it?? So whats the problem?



people, people, people...

really? socialist, nazi-esque, implying that over hunting is part of natural selection?
first - bill, just because this freaks you out doesn't mean you need to shout propaganda buzzwords to make it look evil. this has nothing to do with social constructs.
second - if WE being stupid humans, killed this species off with guns, it's not evolution or natural selection. maybe we should try this with dinosaurs and see how "natural" selection works with some of the people around.... More



We are creators Too.

It's not been long that we have had the ability to do this one small thing. To put it back. Take Take Take has been the modo for mankind. All I hear from these comments is a bunch of whining from people that are more infants than scholars when it comes to understanding the gift of life. We are all creators of life. Start acting like it. Support these efforts. Put it back. Then see what happens. See if Humans find something that could inspire us from our hearts and not your left brain freak.... More



Misleading?

Its hardly a ressurection, 4 generations ago is minscule in terms of evolution. Its interesting, but I dont understand how a new study of their genomes enables you to revert it back to a pure breed C. elephantopus, doesnt seem anymore scientific than dog breeding. And surely this pedigree breeding would have similar consequences, a more homogenous genome, in terms of alleles, increased chance of cancer, etc. Whats the purpose?



Headline

How is this a resurrection if parts of the living, inextinct animal's biology/genetics will be adopted?



socialists

sure sounds like breeding the master race of torti(sp?) , very naziesque. are they doing it because they can? or, rather, are we (modern man) just that much more caring and enlightened than man 300 years ago? why not let them be.. they carried on with their own means... same as the mammoth, why should we clone one of them? where will it stay? a museum or a zoo?



Socialists? Nazis?

By titling your post "socialists" and then calling selective breeding "naziesque", you're really betraying the fact that you have a deep misunderstanding of both concepts. Socialists and Nazis are distinct groups that were by no means friendly. With this kind of basic misunderstanding and childish name calling, why should anybody give any weight to the rest of what you say?

Furthermore, you go on to ask "why should we clone one of them?" The answer: there's no need! That's the point:.... More



Next it's dinosaurs!

Is this Real Life Jurassic Park in the making?



The should do this with humans

What would stop this from working with with the oldest human fossil DNA we have, compaing it to some of the dna from tribal villages in remote areas of the world and see if it exists anywhere then pushing it forward with selective breeding.. could answer some things.. what can a tortoise tell you?



lol..

i can't tell if that comment was serious or not



yeah

Yeah, who knows... Cool article, but I was a little disappointed - not exactly Jurassic Park :(.



Wow

Dude thats amazing. Why dont they bring back a T-Rex or Teradactal or something??

Jes



Explanation.

The T-Rex and Teradactyl lineages died leaving no descendents.
Therapods the group that T-Rex belonged to, does survive today in modern birds, but they are not direct descendent's of Tyrannosaurs, they are evolved from Therapods more closely related to Velociraptors.
This method is basically recreating a common ancestor by tacking genetic information from descendents of a common ancestor, eg if you merged together all the primates you might be able to create the original primate, a.... More



Breeding and Dinosaurs

As good of a biologist as you think you are, it is Pterodactyl. Jehsus, even spell check will tell you that.
You can't merge together all of the primates to get an original primate... that is not even close to being analogous and in fact borders on ridiculous pseudoscience.
The tortoise ordeal only works because it is recent, as recent it would seem as the seventeenth century that these animals went extinct. And this is why the two species can still breed with each other producing.... More



re:breeding and dinosaurs

So I was wrong about the spelling, but nothing else I said was wrong, what I was talking about a theoretical possibility something not achievable by breeding but by taking the DNA from all the descendants of a common ancestor and building the original ancestor, not by cross breeding. I did not actually make any statement as to how the genetic engineering would take place or whether there actually was a species with enough descendants for it actually to be done, I just was stating that.... More



What a fabulous photo

That Cythia Perry lady should work for National Geo - what a great photo!



Love This

Evolution played a big part in extinction. Wouldnt the the creature created just eventually evolve into its current form 3 generations later and would not be the exact replica of its previous self/



Evolution did not play a big part in their extinction.

Sailors who hunted them to extinction did. If the sailors were selective about the ones they killed then we could call it artificial selection, but they weren't selective. They killed them all.

No, they would not revert, because they didn't revert, some survivors reportedly mated with closely related nearby island tortoises. The truth is throwing turtles overboard is unnecessary, there was probably some occasional small gene flow between the islands anyways.

IF they know the.... More



Survival is not part of evolution?

These animals went extinct due to overhunting by humans, but who's to say that our interference is not natural? We came to be by the same means, survival of the fittest. I strongly disagree with overhunting but it is a part of nature. The better adaptable organisms will survive as they are more fit, so I guess it is possible that they could revert to a successful form.



Contributing factors

I'm pretty sure it wasn't just over-hunting by humans. I seem to remember that the rats were introduced to the island from aboard their ships. The rats would eat the tortoises' eggs and young, who had no natural defense against these new predators. This, together with irresponsible hunting practices with no knowledge of their life spans, would be enough to bring the species to where it is today.



interview query

Bryan I really enjoy your writing and insights. I am reporter with Voice of America, preparing a report on land grabs in Africa and was wondering if you would have time for a recorded phone interview about the topic. You can reach me at usnico at gmail. Thanks very much,
Nico Colombant

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