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Can a 100 MPG Hummer save the world?
Maybe a 'U.S. Dept. of Hummer' is the best path to ending dependence on foreign oil.
Thu, Apr 23 2009 at 4:25 PM
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When the X Prize was announced for a 100 MPG vehicle in 2007, it is doubtful anyone had a Hummer on their mind. But a partnership with energy company Raser has yielded just such a contender. The new plug-in hybrid Hummer gets a 100 MPG average* and offers substantially more power than a typical Hummer (0-16 in 8.5 seconds) with a 200 kw "advanced AC induction motor" and high-powered Lithium Ion batteries.
The electric Hummer joins several other contenders unveiled this Earth week, including Bright Automotive's IDEA plug-in minivan and the uber sexy carbon fiber biodiesel hybrid Lightening LH4 (video link below).
I just read a great piece by LA Times writer Dan Neil who suggested that a theoretical "U.S. Dept. of Prius" could do more to get us off of foreign oil than many other green stimulus investments, by simply buying Prius' for people. According to his back-of-envelope calculation, a $46 billion investment would buy 2 million people a Prius, and save 1.4 billion gallons of gas per year.
Well I'm going to one up you a bit Dan...what if we leverage that investment a bit... Instead of buying 2 million Prius' (Prii??) outright, the U.S. Dept. of Hummer instead offers an instant 1/3 rebate of the Raser H3 (remember that old Bush rebate)? So we get 6 million people into Hummers at 100 MPG average each.
Maintaining Neil's assumptions -- retiring now 6 million polluter vehicles with an average 15 MPG at 15,000 vehicle mile per year -- we would save about 8.4 billion gallons of gas per year, or about 3 month's worth of OPEC oil!
Of course this does not factor in embodied energy. The Hummer is about the worst body model to choose because of the additional energy required to produce such a large and hefty vehicle (which interestingly is about the same as a typical Prius). With a standard Sedan body style the efficiencies would be even greater over long distances.But its a fun case in point...plug-in electric vehicles are by far the best approach to getting 100 MPG, as they allow a driver to handle a typical day without ever tapping their backup gas engine.
Over the next few months, we will be seeing more X Prize contenders, but they have to prove the ability to scale manufacturing. Yesterday at the Fortune Green Brainstorm, Raser CEO Kraig Higginson made the bold claim they could do it AND provide clean, geothermal energy to power the vehicles, making an almost carbon-neutral vehicle.
2009 will tell if a Hummer can save the world.. or if its all a lot of hunky hype.
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* Fuel efficiency for an electric hybrid has to be calculated as an average per month. If a driver stayed in the city and never exceeded 40 miles in a day (or before recharging) he would never need to use gasoline so he would have essentially "unlimited" MPG. Based on EPA data, the typical driver goes about 30 miles per day. Factoring in (very generously) 4 additional 100 mile long-distance trips per month, Raser assumes a typical driver would average 60 miles per day. With the first forty miles being all electric, the total average MPG estimated by Raser is 100 MPG.
(MNN homepage photo: Hummer)
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Dennis
Jun 15 2009 at 4:29 PM
How do these guys at Raser come up with their 100 MPG? Simple, they claim that if you drive 60 miles per day that the first 40 is powered by electricity and the next 20 is provided by their 33 MPG onboard engine. Therefore, only 1/3 of the distance traveled was provided by gas at 33 MPG, so it's as though you got the equivalent of 3 times 33 MPG, which equals 100 MPG.
Now let's see what Raser isn't telling you. First, their 200KW electric motor costs MONEY to operate! How much, you ask? Easy.
.... More
If you drive 40 miles on electric power -- half in the city and half on the freeway -- you will spend about 1 hour driving (20 miles @ 30 MPH = 40 minutes, plus 20 miles @ 60 MPH = 20 minutes). Raser's 200KW motor is rated at 100KW continuous, so 1 hour of driving will likely consume roughly 100KWH worth of electricity (100KW times 1 hour). The average cost of electricity in the U.S. is 11.5 cents/KWH; therefore 100KWH costs you $11.50, got it? That's eleven dollars and fifty cents to go forty miles!!! Luckily, you get to go the next 20 miles on good old gasoline @ roughly 33 MPG, which would consume 6/10ths of a gallon of gas if the gas engine powered the vehicle directly. Unfortunately, it first has to power a generator, which then charges batteries, which then powers the electric motor. Still, lets be generous and assume that this gas engine takes you 20 miles on 2/3 of a gallon of gas, which costs $1.67 (2/3 times $2.50).
So the grand total to travel 60 miles in Raser's shiny EREV (Extended Range Electric Vehicle) only cost you $13.17!!! Isn't that great? Of course, you would've only spent $5.00 if you could've driven all of that distance powered by their good gas-mileage IC engine. Or you could've paid $7.50 in any vehicle that averaged 20 MPG. However, where's the fun in that? Look, you're driving a high tech "EREV"... ooooh! One that cost you an extra $25K, and that added an extra 1,000 pounds of weight to the vehicle. Nice extras, huh?? BTW, did I forget to mention that their 100KW motor only provides 134HP in continuous mode? But wait you say, it gives 268HP at peak operation. Yes, that's about what the new Ford Taurus provides (except for the Ford Taurus SHO, which gives 350HP). So you'll be riding around in your new EREV Hummer in a reduced 134-268HP powertrain... can you say "put, put, put"?
Does anyone see anything wrong with this?? Now do you see why Raser omitted mentioning the cost of electricity and only focused on their fuzzy-math MPG gas equivalent calculation? In reality, at today's prices, their Hummer only got the equivalent of 11.4 MPG ($13.17 divided by $2.5/gallon = 5.27 gallons, and 60 miles/5.27 gallons = 11.4 MPG)!!!!!!!!
The fact is that electric vehicles have NOTHING to offer in solving America's transportation needs. They are not cost-efficient nor are they technologically superior. The demand for electricity in the U.S. is expected to grow by a taxing 25% over the next decade. Raser's Hummer draws 100KWH of electricity in order to travel it's first 40 miles, which is well over 3 times the power that your house draws in a complete day! Talk about an instant energy crisis! It's a good thing that battery technology is still limited and that they added an IC engine to extend the range, otherwise their Hummer would've used 150KWH of electricity, or more than 5 times the daily draw of an average home!!
This conveniently omitted information might explain why Raser has also entered the geothermal power market… they realize that switching to EV's would require well over a 300% + increase to America's annual electric power consumption.
My question is this, why couldn't Raser be upfront and honest with us about the true costs of Electric Vehicles? Afterall, consumers have shown that they are willing to pay more for efficient green power.
Could their hesitancy in telling us the whole story be due to the fact that EV's are neither cost-efficient nor green compared to standard IC engine technology?
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