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30 things you should never compost or recycle
Though recycling and composting are two of the most important green practices, there are some items that are bad for the environment. Follow these guidelines for best practices.
Tue, Mar 16 2010 at 3:24 PM
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LIKE OIL AND WATER: These items don't mix with recycling. (Photo: john nolan photography/Flickr)
Remember the good ol' days — back when we only had one bin for trash? In retrospect, those days were actually more wasteful than good. We sent things to the landfill that might have nourished our yards, and buried them side-by-side with materials that should have been reclaimed and put back in the production chain.
Today, most of us have two bins: one for compost and another for recycling. They're great for reducing curbside trash, but not everything is suitable for those bins.
We've rounded up 30 things people mistakenly try to compost or recycle. In the case of composting, we chose items generally avoided by experienced compost gurus. For recycling, we've picked things prohibited by most municipal sytems, or of limited use to commercial recyclers. Ready? To the bins!
NEVER COMPOST:
Bread products: This includes cakes, pasta and most baked goods. Put any of these items in your compost pile, and you've rolled out the welcome mat for unwanted pests.
Cooking oil: Smells like food to animal and insect visitors. It can also upset the compost's moisture balance.
Diseased plants: Trash them, instead. You don't want to transfer fungal or bacterial problems to whatever ends up growing in your finished compost.
Heavily coated or printed paper: This is a long list, including magazines, catalogs, printed cards and most printed or metallic wrapping paper. Foils don't break down, and you don't need a bunch of exotic printing chemicals in your compost.
Human or animal feces: Too much of a health risk. This includes kitty litter. Waste and bedding from non-carnivorous pets should be fine.
Meat products: This includes bones, blood, fish and animal fats. Another pest magnet.
Milk products: Refrain from composting milk, cheese, yogurt and cream. While they'll certainly degrade, they are attractive to pests.
Rice: Cooked rice is unusually fertile breeding ground for the kinds of bacteria that you don't want in your pile. Raw rice attracts varmints.
Sawdust: So tempting. But unless you know the wood it came from was untreated, stay away.
Stubborn garden plants: Dandelions, ivy and kudzu are examples of plants or weeds which will probably regard your compost heap as a great place to grow, rather than decompose.
Used personal products: Tampons, diapers and items soiled in human blood or fluids are a health risk.
Walnuts: These contain juglone, a natural aromatic compound toxic to some plants.
It should be pointed out that there are a minority of people who compost practically everything, including items on this list. We've stuck to composting best practices, omitting things that obviously don't belong in the garden (paint, motor oil, etc.). We've also skipped disputed or iffy items, such as dryer lint and highly acidic citrus fruit.
NEVER RECYCLE
Aerosol cans: Sure, they're metal. But since spray cans also contain propellants and chemicals, most municipal systems treat them as hazardous material.
Batteries: These are generally handled separately from both regular trash and curbside recycling.
Brightly dyed paper: Strong paper dyes work just like that red sock in your white laundry.
Ceramics and pottery: This includes things such as coffee mugs. You may be able to use these in the garden.
Diapers: It is not commercially feasible to reclaim the paper and plastic in disposable diapers.
Hazardous waste: This includes household chemicals, motor oil, antifreeze and other liquid coolants. Motor oil is recyclable, but it is usually handled separately from household items. Find out how your community handles hazardous materials before you need those services.
Household glass: Window panes, mirrors, light bulbs and tableware are impractical to recycle. Bottles and jars are usually fine. Compact fluorescent lightbulbs (CFLs) are recyclable, but contain a small amount of mercury and shouldn't be treated as common household bulbs. For ideas on how to handle them, see 5 ways to dispose of old CFLs.
Juice boxes and other coated cardboard drink containers. Some manufacturers have begun producing recyclable containers. These will be specially marked. The rest are not suitable for reprocessing.
Medical waste: Syringes, tubing, scalpels and other biohazards should be disposed as such.
Napkins and paper towels: Discouraged because of what they may have absorbed. Consider composting.
Pizza boxes: Too much grease. While some compost enthusiasts steer clear of adding pizza box cardboard to their pile, others report no problems. It's that or the trash.
Plastic bags and plastic wrap: If possible, clean and reuse the bags. Make sure neither gets into the environment.
Plastic-coated boxes, plastic food boxes, or plastic without recycling marks: Dispose of safely.
Plastic screw-on tops: Dispose separately from recyclable plastic bottles. Remember that smaller caps are a choking hazard.
Styrofoam: See if your community has a special facility for this.
Tires: Many states require separate disposal of tires (and collect a fee at the point of sale for that purpose).
Tyvek shipping envelopes: These are the kind used by the post office and overnight delivery companies.
Wet paper: In general, recyclers take a pass on paper items that have been exposed to water. The fibers may be damaged, and there are contamination risks.
Your municipal recycling system gets the final say as to what belongs in your bin. Some areas will restrict more items that we've listed. Other have special programs for dealing with problematic materials. In most cases, municipal systems are happy to provide written guidelines. Wondering how to recycle something your local system won’t take? Pop over to the Earth911 website and see what is available in your area.
Copyright Lighter Footstep 2009
Photo: Texas to Mexico/Flickr
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Oh dear... more myths....
Whether a material can be recycled. is biodegradable, can be composted or whether it is practical to compost in a domestic backyard are all very different. Q&As
You can compost ALL food waste give the right bin and right conditions eg hot compsoting. I offer a hopefully more informed list at
http://hotbincompostingblog.com/160-things-to-compost/
what can you send to the landfill? now that is something environmental
what state do you live in that you get finned for that?
I disagree on the Pizza boxes. I think you should always recycle a pizza box because it is a $125.00 fine for throwing a pizza box in the trash in my state.
Where I live, we are told not to recycle the boxes or only recycle only the parts that do not have food or grease on it. It doesn't take much grease to contaminate a whole vat of slurry (paper waste being broken down). Maybe your area has a different process..
Stephen I am curious about something. What happens if someone else sticks a pizza box in your garbage can without you knowing?
I think composting is a very great thing for our environment. Less waste=Happy Earth
can you recycle oranges, grapefruit skins and other citrus fruits?
I recycle pet manure (dog) following the principles of what Alaskan mushers do as well as what The Humanure Handbook states. Temperature is the key.
Here's more about the handbook for those interested: http://humanurehandbook.com/
I do compost my citrus peels by making sure I don't put all of them in at one time but in layers. Nice thing about citrus is it tends to repel cats, some rodents, as well as some types of flies so it a natural pest control for compost while breaking down into nice compost with the others items I place in the composter.
You hate compost? Why?
i go absolutely crazie about recycling so Im going to move to Germany I'm sure it will be much much better then Britain
We can compost baked good products, as well as meat products, etc. Our recycle service encourages this. We put them in the green waste in a paper bag.
Since we eat healthy and much of it home grown and if not, bought at organic places, we have no problem composting yard,kitchen waste. If we didnt eat healthy I am not sure I would want unhealthy 'stuff' in the compost as it seems to defeat the purpose which is to create healthy compost.
Seriously, update this article or take it down. So many things have changed and you're misleading people.
I throw away everything to the regular garbage. This stuff in a thousand years (baring Plastic) will be of good use to the future generations. ie...oil and good farmland.
This is a Great website!
this is great it tells you what you cant recycle and why
I put almost EVERYTHING edible in my compost and feed it to my chickens....they eat it all up, nothing left for the rodents or unwanted vermin. Perfect :)
If you "feed it to your chickens," then it's not compost.
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