MNN - Mother Nature Network

SYDNEY — Global tobacco firms lost a "watershed" court challenge to Australia's plain packaging laws for cigarettes on Aug. 15 in a closely-watched case health advocates said would have a worldwide impact.

 

The High Court of Australia ruled the measures, stipulating that tobacco products should be sold in drab, uniform packaging with graphic health warnings from Dec. 1 this year, did not breach the country's constitution.

 

Four companies led by British American Tobacco (BAT) had challenged the law, claiming it infringed their intellectual property rights by banning brands and trademarks from packets, and was unconstitutional.

 

But the court rejected the argument by BAT, Japan Tobacco International, Imperial Tobacco and Philip Morris that the law represented "an acquisition of (their) property otherwise than on just terms."

 

"At least a majority of the court is of the opinion that the Act is not contrary to (Australia's constitution)," the court said in a brief notice of judgment.

 

The court's full reasons will be delivered at a later date, and the tobacco firms were ordered to pay the government's legal costs.

 

They cannot appeal further in the Australian legal system.

 

Canberra estimates there are 15,000 deaths nationally each year from tobacco-related illnesses and that smoking costs more than Aus$30 billion ($31.4 billion) a year in healthcare and lost productivity.

 

Attorney-General Nicola Roxon said the case was "a victory for all those families who have lost someone to a tobacco related illness" and should be a "clarion call to every country grappling with the costs and harm of tobacco."

 

"This is a watershed moment for tobacco control around the world," she said in a statement. "Australia's actions are being closely watched by governments around the world. Other countries might now consider their next steps."

 

Britain, Canada and New Zealand are mulling similar measures, and Roxon said China, South Africa and the European Union were also following the Australian case with interest.

 

"The message to the rest of the world is big tobacco can be taken on and beaten," she said.

 

Mike Daube, head of an expert panel that originally recommended plain packaging to Canberra, said it was "the biggest defeat for the global tobacco industry that I've seen in 40 years."

 

"Now this decision's through I think we're going to see plain packaging in the UK, we're going to see it in New Zealand, we're going to see it in Norway," he told Sky News.

 

"It really is the tobacco industry's worst nightmare come true."

 

BAT said it would respect the "bad law," but warned it would cause black-market cigarette sales to skyrocket as the packaging would be easy to fake and so "only benefit organized crime groups."

 

Philip Morris noted that a number of other legal challenges had been launched, including a case in Hong Kong alleging the law breached Australia's bilateral investment treaty with the Chinese territory.

 

"The legality of plain packaging, including whether Australia will have to pay substantial compensation to Philip Morris Asia, remains at issue and will be considered in other ongoing legal challenges," said spokesman Chris Argent.

 

Australia is also facing formal complaints at the World Trade Organization over the plan from countries including Honduras, Ukraine and the Dominican Republic.

 

Roxon said Wednesday's decision would "only improve the government's ability to defend strongly any actions that are taken in international forums."

 

But Philip Morris said it would have "no legal bearing on these international cases or on other jurisdictions" and it believed the Hong Kong and WTO challenges were on a strong footing.

 

Copyright 2012  AFP Global Edition